中国学科发展战略·太阳电池科学技术----中国科学院学部学术引领专题

能源是经济社会发展的重要物质基础。能源问题已经成为制约传统产业未来可持续发展的瓶颈。能源系统、经济系统与环境系统存在密切的相互联系、相互影响、相互制约的发展关系。自第一次工业革命以来，煤炭、石油、天然气等化石能源快速发展，成为经济社会发展的支撑。但同时，这些传统能源的广泛利用也造成了严重的环境问题，威胁着地球生物的生存环境。太阳能等可再生能源，因其取之不尽、用之不竭、清洁环保的特点，受到世界各国的高度重视。大力开发利用清洁可再生能源是实现经济效益和环境效益共赢的有效举措。毫无疑问，太阳能技术是很有前途和潜力的可再生能源和清洁能源技术，其涉及材料、器件和系统等方面，是多学科交叉的前沿研究领域。基于此，从科学层面来分析太阳电池的理论基础、发展思路和趋势，同时总结当前该领域的最新进展是非常必要的，也是十分亟须的。

本书主要研究太阳能光伏发电技术的科学基础、学科框架和发展趋势，分析当前各类太阳电池能量转换技术的科学发展路径和科学原理制约，探讨各类太阳电池的发展趋势和关键技术，分析和预判太阳电池科学技术的发展形势，探索太阳电池科学技术发展的新思路，研究太阳电池产业发展的策略路径、产业布局及规划目标。同时，本书还讨论了第三次工业革命新构想——能源互联网建设问题。书中在政策层面提出了针对发展太阳电池科学技术和应用的若干建议。具体来讲，本书主要针对当前太阳电池科学技术的快速发展，从多学科（材料科学、物理学、电子科学与技术、工程科学技术等）入手，通过厘清太阳电池科学技术的发展规律和发展前景，并结合中国科学家在该领域取得的重要进展和突破，系统分析了它们的科学意义和学术价值。并且，项目组组长褚君浩院士和主要研究骨干还极参与我国太阳电池产业的相关决策咨询，建言献策，结合我国国情提出了促进太阳电池产业发展的财税金融政策、产业规划政策、科技创新政策、人才培养政策及市场环境建设政策等若干资助机制与政策建议。

本书主要由来自中国科学院上海技术物理研究所、中国科学院化学研究所、南京工业大学、国防科技大学、中山大学、浙江大学、华东师范大学、中国科学院半导体研究所、中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所、中国科学院合肥等离子体物理研究所、中国科学院物理研究所、苏州大学及华北电力大学等高校和科研院所的科学家参与撰写完成，具体分工如下：中国科学院上海技术物理研究所褚君浩、沈宏、孙硕撰写第一章；华东师范大学杨平雄、胡志高、孙琳、陈时友、陶加华撰写第二章；中国科学院上海技术物理研究所褚君浩、沈宏、孙硕，中国科学院化学研究所李永舫，南京工业大学黄维，中山大学沈辉，浙江大学杨德仁，华东师范大学杨平雄、胡志高、孙琳、陈时友、陶加华，中国科学院半导体研究所李树深、刘剑、杨涛、骆军委、薛春来，中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所陆书龙，中国科学院物理研究所孟庆波，苏州大学张茂杰，中国科学院合肥等离子体物理研究所及华北电力大学相关老师撰写第三章；国防科技大学张涛、查亚兵撰写第四章；中国科学院上海技术物理研究所褚君浩、沈宏、孙硕撰写第五章。褚君浩、胡志高负责统稿。

本书的出版得到中国科学院和国家自然科学基金委员会的学科发展战略研究项目的资助。

褚君浩

2019 年 1 月

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