基于角分辨光电子能谱和扫描隧道谱学对电子结构的测量, 我将从以下几个方面介绍我们对铁基超导强耦合实验图像的认识: 1. 费米面构型和配对对称性；2.电子关联在多种铁基超导能带结构和普适相图中起的关键作用; 3.作为超导配对媒介的自旋涨落与竞争序的关联。同时我也将探讨从FeSe/氧化物界面超导研究中得到的有关超导机制的启发，铁基与铜基高温超导的相关性，以及目前的一些未解决的问题。

One of the few consensuses about the mechanism of high Tc superconductivity in cuprates is that the parent compound is a Mott insulator, and superconductivity emerges when the doped holes suppress the antiferromagnetic order. However, superconductivity disappears in the strongly overdoped regime with too many holes. In this talk, we report scanning tunneling microscopy studies of the atomic scale electronic structure of cuprates with increasing doping level, aiming to elucidate the microscopic processes of the emergence and disappearance of superconductivity.We first show the observation of charge transfer gap in the parent Mott insulator, and its anticorrelation with the maximum transition temperature. It implies that the superexchange interaction plays a central in mediating the Cooper pairing. When a few percent of holes are dispersed into the Mott insulator, they self-assemble into small islands of checkerboard consisting of plaquettes with size around 4a0. Even in the insulating sample, we observe the smooth emergence of superconducting gap when approaching the checkerboard island from the Mott insulator phase, as well as octet model quasiparticle interference patterns. We find that each checkerboard plaquette contains approximately two holes, and exhibit stripy internal patterns that have strong influence on the superconducting properties. The local spectra remain qualitatively the same across the insulator to superconductor transition, while the quasiparticle interference becomes long-ranged. With further increase of doping into the overdoped regime, the strong quasiparticle scattering in the antinodal region causes pair breaking, which is the driving force for the vanishing of superconductivity. These results shed important new lights on the emergence and disappearance of superconductivity in cuprates high Tc superconductors.

我将首先简要总结一下铜氧化物超导体中和超导温度Tc相关的经验规律和关键参数，然后介绍对铜氧化物超导体电子结构和超导机理实验研究的近期进展，最后介绍我们对铜氧化物超导体中多体相互作用和层间耦合研究的结果。

我将在如何寻找高温常规超导体和非常规超导体做一些理论思考，并且对基于铜基和铁基非常规超导体提出的非常规高温超导体的电子结构基因做一下总结和展望。

高温超导机理是凝聚态物理领域的一个重大挑战。其核心涉及强关联效应，即电子多体波函数在强相互作用下如何自发组织成一个新奇超导态而不需要电声子作用的帮助。这是高温超导机理研究的圣杯。我将从掺杂莫特绝缘体出发来描绘一个完整自洽的图像和理解供讨论。几个基本问题包括如何从半满的反铁磁相通过掺杂到达一个非费米正常态；其如何自发展现超导失稳而不需要外部晶格振动的辅助；当郎道准粒子不再是主导元激发时，建立其上的BCS常超导波函数如何作出根本的修改；什么是限制Tc的主要原因以及如何提高它？